The role of virtual placements in promoting self-regulated learning

Stakeholder experiences of an online learning community during the Covid pandemic

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56433/jpaap.v10i1.530

Keywords:

self-regulated learning, virtual placement, pivot to online, Covid 19, textile conservation

Abstract

In response to the Covid-19 pandemic, universities had to shift much of their teaching online. This presented a particular challenge for work placements, which are inherently practical. This qualitative case study presents the outcomes of an evaluation of student, teacher and placement provider experiences of a virtual placement in textile conservation. A model of self-regulated learning used in clinical education was used as a lens through which to make sense of stakeholder experiences, in terms of supporting preparation for the workplace and setting of learning goals, facilitation of appropriate learning strategies, feedback from different stakeholders, and the need to support reflection on learning. Lessons learned include the need for earlier conversations between stakeholders to clarify their roles and support the successful attainment of learning goals, provide critical as well as motivational feedback, facilitate opportunities for peer interactions, use of a limited set of learning technology platforms in consistent ways, and formalising a mid-point check in with all stakeholders. While higher education in the UK has largely reverted to face-to-face learning, the benefits of virtual placements are highlighted. In the ever-changing landscape of higher education, a framework for supporting virtual placements has been offered.

Author Biographies

Karen Thompson, University of Glasgow

Karen Thompson is a Senior Lecturer and Programme Convenor for the MPhil Textile Conservation, which combines professional and academic skills education with strong links with the wider profession. Karen’s research focuses on learning in a professional and academic context.

Vicki Dale, University of Glasgow

Vicki Dale is a Senior Lecturer/Adviser in Academic and Digital Development, specialising in active and blended learning, with a focus on curriculum/learning design and evaluation. She principally teaches on the PGCAP/MEd in Academic Practice at UofG, is a member of the Active Learning Network (co-lead for the UofG satellite group), and a member of the organising committee for the Association for Learning Technology Scotland.

References

Anderson, G., & Boud, D. (1996, 1996/11/01). Introducing Learning Contracts: A Flexible Way to Learn. Innovations in Education and Training International, 33(4), 221-227. https://doi.org/10.1080/1355800960330409

Bayerlein, L., & Jeske, D. (2017). Student learning opportunities in traditional and computer-mediated internships. Education+ Training. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-10-2016-0157

Beishuizen, J. (2008, 2008/10/01). Does a community of learners foster self‐regulated learning? Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 17(3), 183-193. https://doi.org/10.1080/14759390802383769

Boersma, A., ten Dam, G., Wardekker, W., & Volman, M. (2016, 2016/04/01). Designing innovative learning environments to foster communities of learners for students in initial vocational education. Learning Environments Research, 19(1), 107-131. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10984-015-9203-4

Boud, D., & Falchikov, N. (2007). Rethinking assessment in higher education: Learning for the longer term. Routledge. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203964309

Boud, D., & Molloy, E. (2013, 2013/09/01). Rethinking models of feedback for learning: The challenge of design. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 38(6), 698-712. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2012.691462

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2019, 2019/08/08). Reflecting on reflexive thematic analysis. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 11(4), 589-597. https://doi.org/http://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2019.1628806

Braun, V., Clarke, V., Hayfield, N., & Terry, G. (2019). Thematic Analysis. In P. Liamputtong (Ed.), Handbook of Research Methods in Health Social Sciences (pp. 843-860). Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/https://10.1007/978-981-10-5251-4_103

Brown, A. L., & Campione, J. C. (1994). Guided discovery in a community of learners In K. McGilly (Ed.), Integrating cognitive theory and classroom practice: Classroom lessons (pp. 229–270). MIT Press/Bradford Books.

Bryman, A. (2016). Social research methods (5th ed.). Oxford University Press.

Carless, D., Salter, D., Yang, M., & Lam, J. (2011, 2011/06/01). Developing sustainable feedback practices. Studies in Higher Education, 36(4), 395-407. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075071003642449

Carless, D., & Winstone, N. (2020). Teacher feedback literacy and its interplay with student feedback literacy. Teaching in Higher Education, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562517.2020.1782372

Clarke, M. (2018, 2018/11/02). Rethinking graduate employability: the role of capital, individual attributes and context. Studies in Higher Education, 43(11), 1923-1937. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2017.1294152

Cope, P., Cuthbertson, P., & Stoddart, B. (2000). Situated learning in the practice placement. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 31(4), 850-856. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.2000.01343.x

Cornelius, S., Medyckyj-Scott, D., Forrest, D., Williams, A., & Mackaness, W. (2008, 2008/05/01). The virtual placement: An alternative to the traditional work placement in the geographical sciences? Journal of Geography in Higher Education, 32(2), 287-302. https://doi.org/10.1080/03098260701514165

Crebert, G., Bates, M., Bell, B., Patrick, C. J., & Cragnolini, V. (2004, 2004/05/01). Developing generic skills at university, during work placement and in employment: graduates' perceptions. Higher Education Research & Development, 23(2), 147-165. https://doi.org/10.1080/0729436042000206636

Dreyer, L. M. (2015, 2015/04/03). Reflective journaling: a tool for teacher professional development. Africa Education Review, 12(2), 331-344. https://doi.org/10.1080/18146627.2015.1108011

Fry, H., Ketteridge, S., & Marshall, S. (2009). A handbook for teaching and learning in higher education: Enhancing academic practice (3rd ed.). Routledge. https://www.dawsonera.com:443/abstract/9781315763088

Garrison, D. R., & Arbaugh, J. B. (2007, 2007/01/01/). Researching the community of inquiry framework: Review, issues, and future directions. The Internet and Higher Education, 10(3), 157-172. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2007.04.001

Grace, S., & O'Neil, R. (2014). Better prepared, better placement: An online resource for health students. Asia-Pacific Journal of Cooperative Education, 15(4), 291-304.

Griffiths, T.-L., Dickinson, J., & Fletcher, A. (2021). A case study of student learning spaces during the pandemic; a sociomateriality perspective. Journal of Perspectives in Applied Academic Practice.

Hodges, C. B., Moore, S., Lockee, B. B., Trust, T., & Bond, M. A. (2020, 27 March 2020). The difference between emergency remote teaching and online learning. Educause Review. https://er.educause.edu/articles/2020/3/the-difference-between-emergency-remote-teaching-and-online-learning

Hunter, P., Mullen, H., Offord, M., Quinn, N., & Thompson, K. (2021). Early adoption in an agile online teaching environment: an intrapreneurial perspective. Journal of Perspectives in Applied Academic Practice, 9(2), 127-136. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.14297/jpaap.v9i2.476

Jeske, D., & Axtell, C. (2014). e-Internships: prevalence, characteristics and role of student perspectives. Internet Research, 24(4), 457-473. https://doi.org/10.1108/IntR-11-2012-0226

Jeske, D., & Axtell, C. M. (2016). How to run successful e-internships: a case for organizational learning. Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal, 30(2), 18-21. https://doi.org/10.1108/DLO-09-2015-0073

Knight, H., Carlisle, S., O’connor, M., Briggs, L., Fothergill, L., Al-Oraibi, A., Yildirim, M., Morling, J. R., Corner, J., & Ball, J. (2021). Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and self-isolation on students and staff in higher education: A qualitative study. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(20), 10675.

Kolb, A. Y., & Kolb, D. A. (2009). The learning way: Meta-cognitive aspects of experiential learning. Simulation & Gaming, 40(3), 297-327. https://doi.org/10.1177/1046878108325713

Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Lave, J., & Wenger, E. (1991). Situated learning: Legitimate peripheral participation. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511815355

Leggett, H., Sandars, J., & Roberts, T. (2019). Twelve tips on how to provide self-regulated learning (SRL) enhanced feedback on clinical performance. Medical Teacher, 41(2), 147-151. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2017.1407868

Lemieux, C. M. (2001, 2001/04/01). Learning contracts in the classroom: Tools for empowerment and accountability. Social Work Education, 20(2), 263-276. https://doi.org/10.1080/02615470120044347

Mathisen, S., & Rushfield, R. (1999). What do students expect from internships? Defining and measuring effectiveness in education and training: Proceedings of the interim meeting of the ICOM-CC Working Group on Training in Conservation and Restoration, Evtek Institute of Art and Design, Vantaa, Finland.

McLoughlin, C., & Lee, M. J. (2010). Personalised and self regulated learning in the Web 2.0 era: International exemplars of innovative pedagogy using social software. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 26(1).

Nicol, D. (2009, 2009/06/01). Assessment for learner self‐regulation: Enhancing achievement in the first year using learning technologies. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 34(3), 335-352. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602930802255139

Nicol, D. J., & Macfarlane‐Dick, D. (2006, 2006/04/01). Formative assessment and self‐regulated learning: a model and seven principles of good feedback practice. Studies in Higher Education, 31(2), 199-218. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075070600572090

Nordmann, E., Horlin, C., Hutchison, J., Murray, J.-A., Robson, L., Seery, M., & MacKay, J. (2020). 10 simple rules for supporting a temporary online pivot in higher education. PLOS Computational Biology, 16(10), e1008242. https://doi.org/doi:10.31234/osf.io/qdh25

Núñez-Canal, M., de Obesso, M. d. l. M., & Pérez-Rivero, C. A. (2022, 2022/01/01/). New challenges in higher education: A study of the digital competence of educators in Covid times. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 174, 121270. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121270

Ryan, F., Coughlan, M., & Cronin, P. (2007). Step-by-step guide to critiquing research. Part 2: qualitative research. British Journal of Nursing, 16(12), 738-745. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2007.16.12.23726

Scott, M., & Richardson, S. (2011). Preparing for practice: how internships and other practice-based learning exchanges benefit students, industry hosts and universities. AICCM Bulletin, 32(1), 73-79.

Sepulveda-Escobar, P., & Morrison, A. (2020, 2020/08/07). Online teaching placement during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile: challenges and opportunities. European Journal of Teacher Education, 43(4), 587-607. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2020.1820981

Smith, C., & Worsfold, K. (2015, 2015/01/02). Unpacking the learning–work nexus: ‘priming’ as lever for high-quality learning outcomes in work-integrated learning curricula. Studies in Higher Education, 40(1), 22-42. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2013.806456

Specht, D., Chatterton, P., Hartley, P., & Saunders, G. (2021). Developing belief in online teaching: efficacy and digital transformation. Journal of Perspectives in Applied Academic Practice, 9(2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.14297/jpaap.v9i2.486

Swan, K. (2002, 2002/05/01). Building learning communities in online courses: The importance of interaction. Education, Communication & Information, 2(1), 23-49. https://doi.org/10.1080/1463631022000005016

Tang, C., & Biggs, J. (2007). Teaching for quality learning at university: what the student does. Society for Research into Higher Education & Open University Press.

Taylor, N., Wyres, M., Green, A., Hennessy-Priest, K., Phillips, C., Daymond, E., Love, R., Johnson, R., & Wright, J. (2021). Developing and piloting a simulated placement experience for students. British Journal of Nursing, 30(13), S19-S24. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2021.30.13.S19

Thompson, T. L., & MacDonald, C. J. (2005, 2005/07/01/). Community building, emergent design and expecting the unexpected: Creating a quality eLearning experience. The Internet and Higher Education, 8(3), 233-249. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2005.06.004

Tynjälä, P. (2008, 2008/01/01/). Perspectives into learning at the workplace. Educational Research Review, 3(2), 130-154. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2007.12.001

University of Glasgow. (2020). Learning and teaching strategy, 2021-25. https://www.gla.ac.uk/myglasgow/senateoffice/policies/learningandteachingstrategy/

Watson, S. (2000, 2000/10/01/). The support that mentors receive in the clinical setting. Nurse Educ Today, 20(7), 585-592. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1054/nedt.2000.0463

Whipp, J. L., & Chiarelli, S. (2004, 2004/12/01). Self-regulation in a web-based course: A case study. Educational Technology Research and Development, 52(4), 5. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02504714

White, C. B., Gruppen, L. D., & Fantone, J. C. (2010). Self-regulated learning in medical education. Understanding medical education: Evidence, theory and practice, 271-282.

Wilson, T. (2012). Review of business–university collaboration. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/business-university-collaboration-the-wilson-review

Winstone, N. E., & Boud, D. (2022, 2022/03/04). The need to disentangle assessment and feedback in higher education. Studies in Higher Education, 47(3), 656-667. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2020.1779687

Yorke, M. (2011, 2011/04/01). Work‐engaged learning: towards a paradigm shift in assessment. Quality in Higher Education, 17(1), 117-130. https://doi.org/10.1080/13538322.2011.554316

Zimmerman, B. J. (2002, 2002/05/01). Becoming a self-regulated learner: An overview. Theory Into Practice, 41(2), 64-70. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1207/s15430421tip4102_2

Downloads

Published

2022-09-30