Learning to learn together – building belonging from the beginning
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56433/p2nwf493Keywords:
belonging, optometric education, inclusion, inductionAbstract
Prior to 2024, the induction for new first year Optometry students at The University of Manchester followed the Institutional format of “Welcome Week”. In the academic year 2024/25, a new integrated Master of Optometry programme was launched, and the academic team took the opportunity to reframe the activities, intentionally designing induction to establish the collaborative learning culture required for Team‑Based Learning (TBL), a central feature of the new programme. The Optometry ‘Learning to Learn’ team designed, organised and delivered four weeks of Welcome and Induction activities, which were aligned with the pillars of belonging (connection, inclusion, support, autonomy) found in the WONKHE report (Blake et al., 2022) and with the principles of transitional pedagogy (Kift, 2015). In this paper we will describe how we mapped activities onto these pillars, in particular the pillar of “support”, its impact on the student participants and recommendations for future practice.
In this induction, students undertook a variety of events from staff “speed meet & greet”, mathematics games, visits to the Whitworth Art Gallery, a treasure hunt in the Manchester Museum and a sound bath. In addition, there were several introductory Team Based Learning sessions and group academic advisor meetings at a range of coffee shops in the University spaces. Our aim was to enable students to build a sense of connection (between themselves, staff, the different year groups and the wider university) and belonging from the beginning.
Full ethical approval was obtained to run the evaluation of these activities as a mixed methods study using questionnaires and focus groups. Out of an intake of 80 optometry students in 2024/25, a majority of students stated they felt at least partially part of the optometry community. Participants also reported making on average 19 connections with other individuals. Survey data was supported by results from focus groups. In addition, Belonging, Engagement and self-confidence scores were obtained at the end of the first year (Yorke, 2016). They significantly increased for the 2024/25 first year cohort in comparison to the 2023/24 year cohort.
References
Allen, K., Slaten, C., Hong, S., Lan, M., Craig, H., May, F., & Counted, V. (2024). Belonging in Higher Education: A Twenty-Year Systematic Review. Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice, 21(5).
Blake, S., Capper, G., & Jackson, A. (2022). Building Belonging in Higher Education: Recommendations for developing an integrated institutional approach. Pearson-WONKHE https://wonkhe.com › wonkhe-uploads › 2022/10
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Gilani, D., & Thomas, L. (2025). Understanding the factors and consequences of student belonging in higher education: A critical literature review. Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education (34) https://doi.org/10.47408/jldhe.vi34.138
Gravett, K., Taylor, C. A., & Fairchild, N. (2024) Pedagogies of mattering: re-conceptualising relational pedagogies in higher education. Teaching in Higher Education, 29(2), 388-403, DOI: 10.1080/13562517.2021.1989580
Hickey, A., & Riddle, S. (2024). Proposing a conceptual framework for relational pedagogy: pedagogical informality, interface, exchange and enactment. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 28(13), 3271–3285. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2023.2259906
Holmes, W., Porter, C., & van Tilborg, M. M. A. (2024). The potential for using entrustable professional activities in assessing optometric clinical competence. Ophthalmic & physiological optics, 44(6), 1138–1141. https://doi.org/10.1111/opo.13343
Kift, S. (2015). A decade of Transition Pedagogy: A quantum leap in conceptualising the first year experience. HERDSA Review of Higher Education, 2, 51–86.
Sidhu, N. S., & Fleming, S. (2024). Re-examining single-moment-in-time high-stakes examinations in specialist training: A critical narrative review. Medical teacher, 46(4), 528–536. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2023.2260081
Parmelee, D., Michaelsen, L. K., Cook, S., & Hudes, P. D. (2012). Team-based learning: A practical guide: AMEE Guide No. 65. Medical Teacher, 34(5).
Schijf, J.E., van der Werf, G.P.C., & Jansen, E.P.W.A., (2023) Measuring interdisciplinary understanding in higher education. European Journal of Higher Education, 13(4), 429-447, DOI: 10.1080/21568235.2022.2058045
Thomas, L. (2012). Building student engagement and belonging in higher education at a time of change: Final report from the What Works? Student Retention & Success programme. Paul Hamlyn Foundation. https://www.phf.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/What-Works-Summary-report.pdf
Tinto, V. (2009, February). Taking student retention seriously: Rethinking the first year of university [Keynote address]. FYE Curriculum Design Symposium, Brisbane, Australia. http://www.fyecd2009.qut.edu.au/resources/SPE_VincentTinto_5Feb09.pdf
van Rooij, E., Brouwer, J., Fokkens-Bruinsma, M., Jansen, E., Donche, V., & Noyens, D. (2018). A systematic review of factors related to first-year students’ success in Dutch and Flemish higher education. Pedagogische Studiën, 94(5), 360–404.
Whitley, H. P., Bell, E., Eng, M., Fuentes, D. G., Helms, K. L., Maki, E. D., & Vyas, D. (2015). Practical Team-Based Learning from Planning to Implementation. American journal of pharmaceutical education, 79(10), 149. https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe7910149
Yorke, M. (2016). The development and initial use of a survey of student ‘belongingness’, engagement and self-confidence in UK higher education. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 41(1), 154–166. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2014.990415
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Andy Gridley, Catherine Collin, Jennifer Blake, Ketan Parmar, Catherine Porter, Will Holmes

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Journal of Perspectives in Applied Academic Practice has made best effort to ensure accuracy of the contents of this journal, however makes no claims to the authenticity and completeness of the articles published. Authors are responsible for ensuring copyright clearance for any images, tables etc which are supplied from an outside source.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.