Reasonable adjustment, unfair advantage or optional extra? Teaching staff attitudes towards reasonable adjustments for students with disabilities
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56433/jpaap.v11i2.546Keywords:
reasonable adjustments, disability, higher education, academic developmentAbstract
This article explores staff awareness and confidence in implementing reasonable adjustments for students with disabilities in higher education (HE) contexts from a variety of faculty staff at one institution. The duty for UK HE providers to make reasonable adjustments was included in the Disability Discrimination Act (DDA) 1995 and later transposed into the Equality Act in 2010. This project aimed to explore current levels of teaching staff awareness concerning implementing reasonable adjustments for students with disabilities. Alongside this, the project also sought to better understand the attitudes towards reasonable adjustments that teaching staff currently hold. A small-scale survey-based study was conducted between July 2020 and October 2020, gaining qualitative and quantitative data from 38 staff members across one HE provider. The data reveals staff committed to assisting students to access education. However, as with other literature, our findings demonstrate that there are high levels of anxiety around reasonable adjustments and a desire for further training and support. Significantly, the data also indicated a lack of understanding of the requirement to make reasonable adjustments as a legal obligation and duty as a means of combatting discrimination and exclusion.
References
AdvanceHE. (2020). Equality and Higher Education – Student Statistical Report 2020. Accessed on 20th May 2022. https://www.advance-he.ac.uk/knowledge-hub/equality-higher-education-statistical-report-2020
Avramidis, E., & Skidmore, D. (2004). Reappraising learning support in higher education. Research in Post-Compulsory Education, 9(1), 63-82.
Bolt, D. (2018). Expert comment: In response to the DSA Cuts: An academic’s cri de Coeur”. Accessed on 20th May 2022.” https://www.hope.ac.uk/news/allnews/expert-comment-in-response-to-the-dsa-cuts-an-academics-cri-de-coeur.html
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative research in psychology, 3(2), 77-101.
British Educational Research Association. (2018). “Ethical Guidelines for Educational Research. 4th ed”. British Educational Research Association. Accessed on 21st May 2022. https://www.bera.ac.uk/publication/ethical-guidelines-for-educational-research-2018
Bunbury, S. (2020). Disability in higher education–do reasonable adjustments contribute to an inclusive curriculum?. International Journal of Inclusive Education 24(9), 964-979. Doi: 10.1080/13603116.2018.1503347
Cameron, H. & Billington, T. (2017). ‘Just deal with it’: neoliberalism in dyslexic students’ talk about dyslexia and learning at university. Studies in Higher Education, 42(8), 1358-1372. Doi: 10.1080/03075079.2015.1092510
Cameron, H., Coleman, B., Hervey, T., Rahman, S. & Rostant, P. (2019). Equality Law Obligations in Higher Education: reasonable adjustments under the Equality Act 2010 in assessment of students with unseen disabilities. Legal Studies, 39(2), 204-229. Doi:10.1017/lst.2018.31
Denhart, H. (2008). Deconstructing Barriers – Perceptions of Students Labelled with Learning Disabilities in Higher Education. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 41(6), 483–497. Doi: 10.1177/0022219408321151
Disabled Student Sector Leadership Group. (2017). Inclusive teaching and learning in higher education as a route to excellence. Accessed on 26th May 2022. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/inclusive-teaching-and-learning-in-higher-education
Dobson Waters, S. & Torgerson, T.J. (2021). Dyslexia in higher education: a systematic review of interventions used to promote learning”. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 45(2), 226-256. Doi: 10.1080/0309877X.2020.1744545
Equality Challenge Unit. (2015). Understanding the interaction of competence standards and reasonable adjustments. Accessed on 23rd May 2022. https://www.ecu.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/ECU_Understanding_competence-standards-FINAL.pdf
Fink, A. (2003). The Survey Handbook. 2nd ed. London: Sage Publications.
Fuller, M., Healey, M., Bradley, A. & Hall, T. (2004). Barriers to learning: a systematic study of the experience of disabled students in one university. Studies in Higher Education, 29(3), 303-318.
Gillham, B. (2007). Developing a questionnaire. 2nd ed. London: Continuum
Habib, L., G. Berget, G., Sandnes, F.E., Sanderson, N., Kahn, P., Fagernes, S. & Olcay, A. (2012). Dyslexic students in higher education and virtual learning environments: an exploratory study. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 28(6), 574-584. Doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2729.2012.00486.x
Higher Education Statistics Agency. (2019). Higher Education Student Statistics: UK, 2018/19 - Student numbers and characteristics. Accessed on 23rd March 2022. https://www.hesa.ac.uk/news/16-01-2020/sb255-higher-education-student-statistics/numbers
Jacklin, A. (2011). To be or not to be ‘a disabled student’in higher education: The case of a postgraduate ‘non‐declaring’(disabled) student. Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs, 11(2), 99-106. Doi: 10.1111/j.1471-3802.2010.01157.x
Kendall, L. (2016). Higher education and disability: Exploring student experiences. Cogent Education, 3(1). Doi: 0.1080/2331186X.2016.1256142
Koutsouris, G., Mountford-Zimdars, A. & Dingwall, K. (2021). The ‘ideal’ higher education student: understanding the hidden curriculum to enable institutional change. Research in Post-Compulsory Education, 26(2), 131-147. Doi: 10.1080/13596748.2021.1909921
Mortimore, T. & Crozier, W.R. (2006). Dyslexia and difficulties with study skills in higher education. Studies in Higher Education, 31(2), 235-251. 10.1080/03075070600572173
Oliver, M. (1990). Politics of Disablement. Basingstoke: Macmillan International Higher Education.
Partington, K. J. (2003). Because of X, Y and Z…’what exactly are X, Y and Z? Emotional, cognitive and behavioural responses from student teachers in post-compulsory education to teaching students with disabilities. Research in Post-Compulsory Education, 8(3), 407-424. Doi: 10.1080/13596740300200153
Porter, S. R. & Whitecomb. M.E. (2003). The Impact of Contact Type on Web Survey Response Rates. The Public Opinion Quarterly, 67(4), 579–588. doi:10.1086/378964.
Reeve, D. (2013). Psycho-emotional Disablism. In Disability Studies: A Student′ s Guide, London: Sage, 121-124.
Siverman, A. (2017). Disability Simulations: What does the research say? Braille Monitor, 60 (6).
Tinklin, T. & Hall, J. (1999). Getting round obstacles: Disabled students' experiences in higher education in Scotland. Studies in Higher Education, 24(2), 183-194. Doi: 10.1080/03075079912331379878
Upchurch, P. & Vann, S. (2021). Trends on students and staff with disabilities in STEM. The Royal Socitey Blog. Accessed on 26th May 2022. https://royalsociety.org/blog/2021/01/trends-on-students-and-staff-with-disabilities-in-stem/
Vickerman, P. & Blundell, M. (2010). Hearing the voices of disabled students in higher education. Disability and Society, 25(1), 21-32. Doi: 10.1080/09687590903363290
Watson, N. (2002). Well, I know this is going to sound very strange to you, but I don't see myself as a disabled person: Identity and disability. Disability and Society, 17(5), 509-527. Doi: 10.1080/09687590220148496
Willets, D. (2014). Higher education: student support: changes to Disabled Students Allowances (DSA). Accessed on 13th July 2021. https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/higher-education-student-support-changes-to-disabled-students-allowances-dsa
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Christopher Little, Abigail Pearson, Karl Gimblett
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Journal of Perspectives in Applied Academic Practice has made best effort to ensure accuracy of the contents of this journal, however makes no claims to the authenticity and completeness of the articles published. Authors are responsible for ensuring copyright clearance for any images, tables etc which are supplied from an outside source.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.